Although oral health has improved worldwide, oral diseases still continue to pose a major public health problem, especially within communities belonging to socially disadvantaged groups who still face increased levels of carious lesions and periodontal diseases. Currently, the distribution and severity of oral diseases vary greatly from one country to another as well as among the different areas of the same country.
There are several studies published that have attempted to establish the correlation between the indicator of dental caries in mixed dentition and the risk of maxillary dental anomalies, as well as the way in which intra-arch and inter-arch modifications occur. Premature loss of temporary teeth, as a consequence of untreated dental caries, can cause severe three-dimensional disorders of the dental arches and implicitly of dental occlusion, interfering with the harmonious development of the physiological dentition.