Introduction: Technological advancements in endodontic dental materials and equipment and tools for endodontic treatments have led to a major evolution in root canal treatment (RCT).
Aim of the study: Analyzing how different factors affect the chances of successfully achieving an initial RCT is also related to finding clinical reasons for not achieving this goal.
Material and Methods: The study was carried out on a total of 60 patients. The patients included in the study were divided according to the number, type of tooth, or group of teeth indicated for endodontic re-treatment (ERTs) as a result of the confirmed presence of persistent apical periodontitis. The aim of this study is to analyze how different factors affect the possibilities of achieving successful initial RCT .Results: The highest number of teeth initially treated endodontically and then presented with persistent apical periodontitis is presented under the category of molars in the value of about 52% of all teeth evaluated for this study. This value is followed by premolars at a value of about 32% and then by incisors at a value of 16%. The distribution of the affected teeth is 50% in maxilla and 50% in mandible, where both according to gender of patient and according to the arches where the teeth affected by the pathology of persistent apical periodontitis are included, the ratio is clearly 1:1. Conclusions. The primary reason for ERTs is the security of having an endodontically healthy tooth as an abutment for fixed prosthetic replacements and in rare cases it is indicated to be performed if the patient actually complains of pain. The clinical challenges of ERTs are mainly oriented around the application of the correct steps of the routine protocol of RCTs.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62838/ASMJ.2026.1.06