Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2021

Jun 18

Fear and dental anxiety in children: a study of the contributing factors.

Maria Pasca 1, Andreea Pazitor 2, Daniela Esian 1, Oana Elena Stoica 1, Alexandra Mihaela Stoica 1, Cristina Ioana Bica 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu-Mureș, Romania
2 Mures County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania

Introduction: Dental fear and anxiety are an important issue affecting children’s oral health and clinical management, and also an insufficiently studied subject in dentistry.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to better understand the child patient – dentist versus dentist – child patient relationship and study the dental fear and anxiety of children in order to improve the dental office practice.
Material and methods: In this study a personalized questionnaire was created and applied on a number of 333 children, in 4 schools from Mures county, Romania, on girls and boys between the ages of 8 and 13. The questionnaires used emoticons alongside words in order to better determine the state of anxiety created by the dental appointment and everything that it entails. All data and results obtained were analyzed using Excel and Graph Pad Prism 5.0 software.
Results: Out of 333 patients, 133 subjects (40%) were 8-10-year-old, 143 subjects (42.9%) 11 – 13 years and 57 subjects (17.1%) were over 14 years. 175 girls (52.6%) and 158 boys (47.4%) demonstrated their courage and desire in participating in our study. It was determined that fear of dental appointments was caused in children over 14 years of age. The state of relaxation is generally enjoyed by urban children (45%) and those aged 11-13 years (37.1%); the percentage of boys in this category is an interesting aspect (40.5%).
Conclusion: Dental anxiety is multifactorial and is far more complex than can be explained by a single contributing factor. The direct involvement of the child from the perspective of maintaining dental health, leads to the elimination of the state of fear and anxiety. Regular visits to the dental office, on the initiative of the child patient itself can reduce the anguish.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/asmj-2021-0006

Keywords: , , ,
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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2021 on June 18, 2021
Jun 18

Efficiency of different instruments used for composite filling polishing.

Andrea-Csinszka Kovacs-Ivacson 1, Alexandra Mihaela Stoica 1, Mónika Kovacs 1, Mihai Pop 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu-Mureș, Romania

Introduction: Improper finishing and polishing of fillings leads to surface roughness of the restoration which leads to excessive plaque accumulation, gingival irritation, increased surface staining and poor aesthetics of restored teeth. Therefore, it is essential to use polishing instruments and pastes as a final step of simple caries treatment in order to achieve optimal long-time results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of 4 different finishing and polishing instruments used for surface smoothening of aesthetic restorative materials in vitro. Materials and methods: 40 composite (Reality X) samples were prepared in vitro. Their surface irregularities were measured along 3 diagonals before and after polishing. Sof-Lex discs (3M Espe), rubber cones (Kenda), Arkansas stone (Fino) and polishing paste and a professional toothbrush (Kerr) were used for polishing. Each sample was polished under 5N pressure for 30 seconds at 3000 rpm. The surface roughness was than measured using a profilometer. Statistic analysis was performed using ANOVA and unpaired T-tests, the significance level was set at a value of p<0.05. Results: Based on the mean values, the smallest roughness was found in the control group- 0.11, while the highest in the rubber polishers and Arkansas stone group- 0.47 and 0.48. The values for the Sof-Lex disc group and the polishing paste-toothbrush group were 0.40 and 0.39. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the four groups. Conclusion: It is mandatory to use polishing tools in order to obtain a smooth surface of the restoration and avoid the unwanted long-term complications. Polishing using brush and abrasive paste produced the smoothest surface of the composite.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/asmj-2021-0005

Keywords: , , , , ,
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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2021 on June 18, 2021
Jun 18

Contribution to the study of improving the aesthetics of the smile by repairing and reshaping the incisors with composite materials.

Alexandra Mihaela Stoica 1, Oana Elena Stoica 1, Csinszka Kovacs-Ivacson 1, Monica Dana Monea 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu-Mures, Targu Mures, Romania

Introduction. Dental aesthetics, although it seems something relative and difficult to evaluate, it is governed by a series of laws and rules that connect the dental disciplines, creating a unitary whole. It is structured by rules, perfected by artistic sense and by the inclination towards beauty of all specialists in dento-facial cosmetics.
The aim of the study is to highlight an overview of aesthetic factors to consider when restoring anterior teeth with direct composite materials.
Material and methods. A total of 25 patients were included in the study where the anterior teeth were restored using Gradia Direct Anterior (from GC) and Filtek Z550 (from3M-ESPE) composite kits, in perfect isolation using rubber damn, with a separate appointment after 24 hours for the polishing step, for which Rainbow Kit Technic and polishing Platina Hi-Gloss (from Prevest) paste were used. While the replacement of the tooth defect, we ensured that the composite increment, which we used should not be more than 2mm in thickness, and light cured for 20 seconds as the producer recommends. In none of all tooth shape modification (elongation in incisal zone) we did not modify the occlusion, by eliminating all premature contacts. All patients included in the study have signed the informed consent and agreed to participate in this research.
Results. From a total of 25 patients, we repaired 20 central incisors with the mesial (18 cases) or distal (2 cases) angles fractured, in different accidents, 5 cases with diastema by small shape of the crown or malposition of one of the central incisors.
Conclusions. Restoring the incisal angle or the incisal edge and refining a natural and improved smile of the patient is e very frequent dental intervention, especially nowadays when aesthetics plays an important role in the social society.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/asmj-2021-0004

Keywords: , , , ,
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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2021 on June 18, 2021
Jun 18

The assessment of two-way relationship between periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus.

Georgiana Ioana Potra Cicalău 1, Petru Aurel Babeș 1, Daniela Domocoș 1, Mihaela Pogan 1
1 University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oradea, Romania

Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus have been said to have a two-way relationship, with diabetes leading to oral disease and periodontitis exacerbating hyperglycemia. The universal biologic mechanisms and demographic and behavioral risk drivers, underlying these associations in both directions, are also described.
Both the diseases are chronic and they are affecting large population worldwide. Periodontitis is also recognized as the sixth major complication of diabetes, while diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which has an impact on the global health and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
The aim of this article is to illustrate a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the literature, on the mutual relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases,
trying to identify if the prevalence of periodontitis is higher in diabetics or if the incidence of diabetes is greater in patients with periodontal disease. Moreover, our intention is to increase the level of awareness of diabetologists and dentists about the interaction between this two pathologies.
Oral and periodontal health should be promoted as integral components of diabetes management. Dental professionals can detect unrecognized potential dysglycemia and refer for medical examination. Furthermore, the control of periodontal disease may enhance glycemic control which contributes to a better control of periodontal disease.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/asmj-2021-0003

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This entry was posted in Review, Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2021 on June 18, 2021
Jun 18

Compendium of current ceramic materials used for the CAD/CAM dentistry.

Kristýna Hynková 1,2, Iva Voborná 2, Bernard Linke 1, Liran Levin 1
1 School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada
2 Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic

Nowadays, patients require the highest quality of treatment, but generally prefer to spend as little time as possible in the dental chair. Therefore, there is significant benefit for using new technologies such as CAD/CAM (computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing), which provides both quality and speed. There is an increase in ceramic materials and ceramic blocks/discs available, with varying properties. This has resulted in some confusion and difficulty in making an informed decision about which material is best for a specific clinical situation. The objective of this review is to provide an overview and comparison of basic mechanical properties of currently used CAD/CAM ceramic materials based on a review of the currently available literature.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/asmj-2021-0002

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This entry was posted in State of the art article, Volume 4, Issue 1, June 2021 on June 18, 2021
Jun 18