Original paper

Aug 07

Evaluation of the correlation between impacted canine and malocclusions.

Silvia Izabella Pop 1, Laura Roxana Contac 1, Andrei Ghiman 1, Denisa Moldovan 1, Victor Suciu 1, Janos Kantor 1, Dana Cristina Bratu 2, Smaranda Dana Buduru 3
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania
2 Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
3 Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Introduction: Tooth impaction is defined as the absence of a tooth on the arch, after its normal eruption age. The main reason canines are impacted is the lack of space required for the tooth to erupt.
Aim of study: The main objective of this study is to determine the types of malocclusions associated with canine impaction (Lindauer classification). A secondary objective is to establish the correlation between these parameters and identification of subjects with high risk of canine impaction based on pre-existing malocclusion.
Material and methods: This study was performed on a sample of 20 patients, 9 men and 11 women. The dental casts were subject to Angle classification and various measurements such as arch perimeter, Pont’s index, sum of the mesiodistal width of the incisor and arch length were performed. The Lindauer sectorial classification was determined based on the patients’ panoramic radiography.
Results: According to the data collected, the Class II /2 malocclusion is more frequent, and it is associated with the impacted canine (approximately 50%). According to the Lindauer classification higher frequency of the impacted canines was found in Sector IV.
Conclusion: The diagnosis for impacted canines is often associated with Class II /2 malocclusion, and according to the Sector classification, it is often localised in Sector IV.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 3, Issue 1, July 2020 on August 7, 2020
Aug 07

In vitro study about the abutment axial wall’s convergence.

Diana Cerghizan 1, Adriana Crăciun 1, Aurița Albu 1, Monica Baloș 1, Kinga Mária Jánosi 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu-Mures, Romania

Introduction: The total convergence of the axial walls is the angle made between the opposing axial walls of an abutment. The lower the taper value, the better the retention of the crowns is. Obtaining a proper convergence of the axial wall is a challenge for dental practitioners due to limited access and low visibility, but it also greatly depends on the clinician’s practical skills.
This study aims to compare the total convergence of axial walls obtained after tooth preparation done by different experience practitioners in various positions of the patient and different working time (different days of the week, various parts of the day).
Materials and methods: To perform this study, 40 acrylate model teeth have been prepared by two last year dental students and two prosthetists. All of them performed two teeth preparations per day in every working day of a week. All the prepared teeth have been photographed, and digitally measured.
Results: The extremely statistically significant difference was found in the two beginners’ case, the values of the second beginner being much higher, as in the two experienced operators, where the values are higher for the second prosthetist.
Conclusion: The total convergence of the axial wall did not depend on the operators’ experience or education level.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 3, Issue 1, July 2020 on August 7, 2020
Aug 07

Self-reported tooth and implant prognosis evaluation based on radiographic bone loss: a cross sectional study.

Danielle Clark-Perry 1, Jaimie Baybrook 1, Raisa Catunda 1, Liran Levin 1
1 University of Alberta, Canada.

Introduction: Tooth prognosis evaluation involves continual assessments to guide patient-centered treatment plans. This means that the tooth prognosis may dictate whether a tooth is restored, extracted, or maintained.
Aim of study: The aim of this work was to evaluate current trends in tooth prognosis evaluation based on radiographic bone loss amongst dental practitioners.
Material and Methods: A survey including demographic questions and ten radiographs (vertical bitewings or peri-apical) showing bone loss around teeth and implants were distributed to dental practitioners. Practitioners were asked to determine the prognosis of the tooth or implant and suggest a percentage describing the likelihood of the tooth or implant surviving for ten years.
Results: One of the ten radiographs provided for assessment was given good to fair prognosis by 100% of the participants. Only three out of the ten radiographs presented had strong suggestions for tooth retention. Recommendation for extraction by dental practitioners varied from 1-66% across the radiographs. Furthermore, practitioners predicted a 0% chance of ten-year survival for many of the teeth.
Conclusions: Assessing prognosis based on radiographs only, is insufficient and clinical data provides invaluable information to establishing tooth prognosis. Dental professionals should understand that compromised teeth can outlive dental implants and our role as dental professionals is to prevent and treat oral diseases to preserve the dentition as long as possible.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 3, Issue 1, July 2020 on August 7, 2020
Jun 11

Taking dental impressions of dental medicine students: with and without vomiting reflex

Molnar-Varlam Cristina 1, Szekely Melinda 1, Tudor Sîrbu 1, Moldovan Iunia-Beatrice 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania

Introduction: It is a well-known fact that during a dental impression, some patients suffer from the gag reflexes.
Aim of the study: Even if the main tendency is to use medication, our goal is to find a way to combat it.
Material and methods: With the help of our 155 volunteering students, from UMFST Târgu Mureș, who agreed on having their dental impression taken, using alginate material, we tried to combat the gag reflex, using the following techniques: the high-leg method, salt crystals, as well as using a special impression tray.
Results: When we applied all of these methods, great attention was payed, as we diligently wrote everything down. After all the work was done, we obtained the following results: 130 did not show any vomiting signs, 17 of them presented moderate vomiting reflex and only 8 of them have shown extreme vomiting reflex, leading to the point where the impression could not be performed.
Conclusions: On the one hand, for the less informed people, these techniques present a better outcome; on the other hand, however, we wish to highlight one thing: the skills of the doctor are of utmost importance.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2019 on June 11, 2020
Jun 11

The role of carious lesions in the occurrence of pathological modifications in deep periodontal level – radiographic evaluation

Ana Petra Lazăr 1, Alexandru Vlasa 1, Bukhari Csilla 1, Buka Imola 1, Luminița Lazăr 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures

In the etiology of periodontal disease, dental caries act as a favoring factor. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of untreated or incorrectly treated carious lesions in the occurrence of pathological changes in the periodontal support. Material and methods: In order to evaluate the impact of the dental caries in the appearance of destructive lesions at the periodontal level, we examined 378 X-rays. The radiographies were selected based on the presence of approximal dental cavities, untreated or incorrectly treated and we appreciated the association of these factors with the presence and the level of bone resorption of the interdental septum. Results: On the 378 radiographies we examined, it was discovered the presence of 398 approximal carious lesions, of which 146 were associated with bone resorption. The examined radiographies permitted us to evaluate 1512 fillings inserted in second class cavities, of which 1103 were correctly done, and 309 were incorrect and associated with bone resorption phenomena. Incorrectly done restorations were associated with bone resorption phenomena due to the lack of contact with the adjacent tooth for 213 of these, and because of an inaccurate adaptation at the level of the gingival threshold for 96. Conclusions: The dentist has to pay a special attention to the approximal coronary restorations because these can favor the retention of bacterial plaque and, in most cases, can lead to bone loos in the alveolar ridge area.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2019 on June 11, 2020
Nov 22

Statistical study on the degree of satisfaction of patients with fixed prosthetic dentures.

Adriana-Elena Crăciun 1, Diana Cerghizan 1, Monica Dora Baloș 1, Vadim Gribincea 1, Aurița Ioana Albu 1, Adrian Muică 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania

Introduction: Edentation is a major emergency and has an echo over the entire stomatognathic system. The treatment of partial edentation has undergone major changes in the last decades for multiple causes, including increasing the level of dental, medical education, introducing new techniques, methods, and materials, increasing the duration of retention of teeth on the arch.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to determine the degree of satisfaction of patients with a fixed prosthetic denture, to highlight the importance of communication between doctor and patient with repercussions on the results of prosthetic treatment, and evaluate the degree of awareness of oral health and oral hygiene practices.
Material and Method: For this study it was used a self-designed questionnaire, which explored both clinical and non-clinical dental services. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: first part (A) includes socio-demographic indices, part two (B) includes questions related to the doctor-patient relationship, and in the third part (C) the questionnaire asks questions regarding the general satisfaction of the patients with reference to the prosthetic tratament. The questionnaire also includes the material (s) from which the prosthetic denture is performed and the area of the edentation.
Results: The present study was performed on a batch of 117 people, 48 female, and 69 males between the ages of 21 and 60. Our results show that the majority of patients present metallic-ceramic dentures, located in most cases in the lateral area, and the majority of patients are satisfied with the prosthetic tratament. There were no patients complaining about the result of the tratament. Pacients are delighted by their relationship with medical staff.
Conclusions: The most important finding of this study states that a large proportion of patients showed a lack of knowledge regarding oral hygiene measures and the importance of maintaining a fixed prosthetic denture using a dental abutment. Also, the majority of the doctors did not pay attention to the post-treatment instructions regarding the maintenance of a fixed prosthetic denture.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 2, Issue 1, November 2019 on November 22, 2019
Nov 22

Knowledge and interest of north-central Romanian mothers regarding children oral health prevention – A questionnaire based study.

Adrian Tohati 1, Farah Bechir 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania

Introduction: The development and eruption of teeth should be followed by the dentist, which is why periodic check ups are required.
Aims of the study: This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of the mothers regarding the dental hygiene of the children and the importance of presenting them in the dental office, as well as the knowledge related to the prevention of dental caries.
Material and Methods: A questionnaire comprising 15 questions was developed and handed to 290 mothers in Tirgu Mures. The questions targeted the knowledge related to the dental hygiene of the child, and decay prevention.
The data obtained were processed electronically. 51.7% of the mothers stated that the visit to the dental office should be done every 6 months, and 58.6% opted for a first contact with the dentist at the age of 3 years. 98.2% of mothers consider dental prevention to be important or very important. 75% consider that the child’s hygiene must be done twice daily, and 89% said that they use the toothbrush in the child’s hygiene process. 68% of the mothers know the term of dental sealing, but only 20% resorted to this method of treatment.
Conclussions: The study demonstrates the urgent need to take the lack of interest and information of parents seriously and to develop programs primarily to inform and raise awareness of the population and then to apply different preventive methods.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 2, Issue 1, November 2019 on November 22, 2019
Nov 22

Prevalence of primary and secondary dental dystrophies on a group of preschool and school-age children from Tîrgu-Mureş

Daniela Esian 1, Cristina Bica 1, Ana Petra Lazar 1, Oana Stoica 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania

Introduction: Pediatric Dentistry offers a completely different approach compared to that of adults especially in terms of patient cooperation, problems with growth and development and problems related to dental restoration in the context of a developing dentition.
Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of primary and secondary dental dystrophies among preschool and school-age children.
Material and Methods: The group of 113 subjects with ages between 3 and 11 years was selected from two primary and preschool education establishments from Târgu-Mures. Simultaneously with the clinical examination of dental surfaces, 150 questionnaires were distributed to the parents of the subjects. The dystrophies determined clinically were arranged in a certain category of number, form, volume and structure and were correlated with the answers to the questionnaires.
Results: According to the data most cases of dental dystrophies are represented by dental fluorosis followed by severe early childhood caries S-ECC, and in equal percentages are present dyschromia, imperfect amelogenesis, MIH hypomineralization, dental fusion, macrodontia and hyperdontia.
Conclusions: There are significant correlations between the primary dental dystrophies and factors that intervened during pregnancy and in the post-natal period, both critical periods for dental formation and development.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 2, Issue 1, November 2019 on November 22, 2019
Nov 22

Orthodontic treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS)

Mariana Păcurar 1, Eugen Bud 1, Silvia Pop 1, Manuela Chibelean 1, Martha Krisztina 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania

The craniofacial skeleton in the growing child is responsive to changing functional demands and environmental factors. Orthopedic modification of facial bones through the application of constant forces over long periods of time has been a mainstay of orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic therapy.
Aim of the study
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in pharyngeal structures after rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and compare them with those after using a removable mandibular advancement device (MAD).
Material and methods
In order to accomplish function we modified the pattern of neuromuscular activity throught mandible forward position.
Results
This finding shows that maxillary deficiency and mandibular retrognathism have been reportedly linked to OSA as both etiologic factors and sequelae of prolonged mouth breathing during the period of growth, these illustrate the potential interaction between alteration in respiratory function and craniofacial morphology.
Conclusions
Craniofacial anatomic defects, including inferior displacement of the hyoid bone, larger gonial angle, smaller anterior cranial base, altered anterior and posterior facial heights, and mandibular deficiency, have been suggested as predisposing factors for upper airway obstruction during sleep. Cephalometry has been used extensively in the fields of orthodontics and anthropology to record craniofacial form. Recently, it has been also suggested that cephalometry could be an adjunctive procedure for assessing craniofacial patterns associated with OSAS.
Estimating efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion and mandibular advanced in the treatment of paediatric SDB. This might provide alternatives to primary treatments and/or enhance interdisciplinary treatment planning for the children suffering from OSA. The relationships between maxillofacial malocclusions and upper airway volumes were investigated. Literature studies on the association of upper airway narrowing with dento-skeletal malocclusions have been confirmed by us for the group of patients studied.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 2, Issue 1, November 2019 on November 22, 2019
Nov 22

Assessment of oral mucositis degree due to cytostatic treatment in patients with malignant lymphomas

Adrian Muica 1, Florentin-Daniel Berneanu 1, Liana Hănțoiu 1, Dorner Kinga 1, Adriana-Elena Crăciun 1
1 George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania

Introduction: Oral mucositis characterized by inflammation of the oral mucosa, ulcers, angular cheilitis, accompanied by pain in the maxillary facial area are symptoms of patients who have undergone cytostatic treatment, affecting over 75% of high-risk patients.
Material and methods: From the total of 182 patients with hematological malignancies, we selected 59 patients, diagnosed with malignant lymphomas and treated at the Hematology Department of the Medical Clinic 1 in Tîrgu Mureș, between July 2013 and June 2016, analyzing the data in the data observation sheets. The study is a retrospective one.
Results: In the group of patients studied, who were treated based on the aforementioned cytostatic plans, we found that the CVP + Rituximab plan frequently causes 1st and 2nd class stomatitis, with no patients with 3rd and 4th class stomatitis. The CHOP + Rituximab therapy plan in a total of 80 applications had complications of 1st and 2nd class stomatitis, much more frequent 1st class without stomatitis of 2nd and 4th degree. Grade III stomatitis occurs in two cases in the CHOP-Bleo belts. Introducing dental medicine in the context of medical multidisciplinarity in oncology hematology is a real necessity because the oral complications of chemotherapy treatments by their severity can lead to compromise of the treatment protocol by reducing the doses or even stopping the treatment
Conclusions: Malignant hemopathies represent a significant percentage in dental disorders, and among them, the maximum severity belongs to the non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin malignant lymphomas. Stomatitis, also called gingivo-toxic stomatitis caused by medication, is an acute oral complication, with erythema and edema of the entire oral cavity. The role of the dentist in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of oral lesions, following the cytostatic therapy, is extremely important.

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This entry was posted in Original paper, Volume 2, Issue 1, November 2019 on November 22, 2019